Ethereum: Understand transaction signatures
Creating a new transaction from scratch can be a fascinating experience. To ensure that your signed transaction is valid, we immerse yourself in the components from which a transaction signature consists in Ethereum.
transaction structure
A basic Ethereum transaction consists of three main parts:
- from
: The address of the sender.
- to : The address of the recipient (optional).
- value : the amount to be transmitted (in white).
transaction signature components
A transaction signature is a combination of several components that make you manipulate and secure.
1.
Hash
The first component in the transaction signature is a hash of the following:
* transaction data (from, to, value)
* Block number (number of the block that contains the transaction)
* gas price (gas volume used for processing)
This hash serves as a clear identifier for the transaction.
2.
Keccak-256 hash function
The second component is the KECCAK-256-Hash function applied to the above data, which leads to a string with a firm length.
transaction signature format
A typical format for Ethereum transaction signatures is:
3.
Keccak-256 hash
The third component is the KECCAK-256-Hash function applied to the above data, which leads to a string with a fixed length.
Signature check
To check a transaction signature, you must create a private key with which the signature decodes and then signed your own transactions or can be created from scratch).
In Ethereum, most developers use public keys to generate the signature. The library ofEthers.js’ offers, for example, a user -friendly surface for creating and checking signatures.
When creating a new transaction from scratch, you need to:
* Create the transaction data : Define this from “,to and value
* Generate the hash : Use the Keccak-256-Hash function on the transaction data
* Create the signature : Use the generated hash as input for the Keccak-256-hash function
* Check the signature : Compare your private signature created by key with the one provided in the transaction (if used)
Here is a simple example of creating a new Ethereum transaction from the ground up:
`JavaScript
// Define the transaction data
Const from = ‘0x …’ // sender address
Const to = ‘0x …’ // recipient address (optional)
Const value = 10n; // to be transferred
// Create the transactionhash
Const Txhash = Keccak256 ([from, to, value]);
// generate a private key with ethers.js
Import * as an ether from ‘Ether’;
// Create a new provider instance
Const provider = new ethers.providers.jsonrpcprovider (‘http: // localhost: 8545’);
// Sign the transaction with your own private key (replace your actual private key).
const txsignature = waiting provider.sign transaction ({{{{
Data: {
to: To ,,,
Value: value
},
von: von, von,,
Gas: {Gasprice: 200000} // Adjust gas price as required
});
console.log (transaction signature: $ {txsignature.rawtransaction});
`
Remember this is a basic example, and you should consider implementing additional security measures, such as: B.:
* Private key management : Save your private key safely (e.g. with a hardware letter bag or a safe memory)
* Signature check : Use a reliable digital signature algorithm like ECDSA
* Transaction validation : Check the transaction data and make sure that you match the expected format
I hope this helps you to understand how you can create and validate Ethereum transactions!
Leave a Reply